Abantu benshi bazi ko Ubushinwa ari "igihugu kinini cy’ibinyabiziga bifite amashanyarazi abiri", ariko nkimwe mu bice byingenzi bigize bateri y’ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi, mu byukuri, Ubushinwa nabwo ni igihugu kinini cy’ibicuruzwa n’ibicuruzwa, ku makuru yerekana ko bateri yubushinwa umusaruro wumwaka no kugurisha. Bateri, mubyukuri, igihugu cyacu nacyo ni ingufu za batiri nogukora ibicuruzwa, nkuko amakuru abigaragaza yerekana ko umusaruro wububiko bwa buri mwaka mubushinwa kandi Nkuko bigaragazwa namakuru, Ubushinwa buri mwaka umusaruro wa bateri nogukoresha miliyari zirenga 14, bingana na kimwe cya gatatu cya umusaruro wisi, Nukuri rwose "igihugu cya batiri".
Gukoresha Bateri, ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi nabyo bifite umubare utari muto, nkuko twese tubizi, ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bifite ibiziga bibiri mubyukuri ni uburyo bwo gutwara abantu igihe kirekire, ariko ibyingenzi byingenzi, bateri, kuramba bizaba bibi, buri kinyabiziga gifite ibiziga bibiri mubyukuri igomba gusimbuza bateri inshuro zirenze imwe, bivuze ko igihugu cyacu gifite miliyoni 350 ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bifite ibiziga bibiri, byibuze hamwe na miriyoni 700 za bateri. Nkumuntu utanga amashanyarazi menshi kuri bateri ya lithium, agaciro kasohotse mumashanyarazi ya lithium ya Amass ya lithium yamashanyarazi nayo yagiye yiyongera, byerekana ko agaciro kasohotse mumashanyarazi ya lithium yamashanyarazi ariyongera.niyongera, isubiza ubwiyongere muri icyifuzo cya lithium icomeka kumasoko ya batiri ya lithium. Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’isoko ryiyongera ku isoko, Amass azana ibikoresho by’ibicuruzwa byikora kandi bikomeza kunoza ikoranabuhanga rya DC rikoresha ingufu nyinshi, rigamije kugeza ku isoko ryiza cyane. isoko hamwe nibindi byinshi byujuje ubuziranenge.
Muri iki gihe, bateri ntabwo ari umubare munini wibirango gusa, ibirango bikomeye byanashyize ahagaragara bateri yabo "tekinoroji yumukara" kugirango ikurura abakiriya. Batteri, kugirango ikurura abakiriya, isoko ubu irahari ubwoko butandukanye bwa bateri nkuru, bateri ya aside-aside, bateri ya graphene, bateri ya zahabu yumukara, bateri ya lithium, kuva mubuzima burambye kandi burebure bwo gusesengura, itandukaniro riri hagati yabo. Batteri, bateri ya zahabu yumukara, bateri ya lithium, kuva igihe kirekire kandi intera yo gusesengura, ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yabo.
Bateri ya aside-aside
Bifatwa nk '"abakurambere" ba batiri, kuva mu myaka 150 ishize, bateri yakoreshejwe mu bwikorezi, kabone niyo bateri idakoreshwa mu binyabiziga by'amashanyarazi. No muri iki gihe, bateri ya aside-aside iracyari ubwoko rusange bwa bateri zikoreshwa mu binyabiziga byamashanyarazi, hamwe n’isoko rirenga 70%.
Bateri ya aside-aside igizwe nibisahani byiza kandi bibi, plaque nziza kandi mbi, electrolyte, ibice, bateri ya shell, akazi ahanini ni plaque nziza kandi mbi hamwe na chimique ya electrolyte, kugirango irangize inzira yo kwishyurwa kuva DC isoko yimbaraga zo kubona "ingufu zamashanyarazi" muri "ingufu za chimique".
Bateri ya aside-aside ifite "label" yingenzi, ni ukuvuga bihendutse. Bitandukanye cyane nizindi bateri, bateri ya aside-aside bitewe nibikoresho, inzira ni bateri enye zingenzi muburyo bworoshye, igiciro cyacyo ni gito, ari nacyo Iyi nayo nimpamvu ikomeye ishobora gutuma isoko ryigihe kirekire icyifuzo. Nyamara, igihe gito cyo kwishyuza / gusohora hamwe nubunini bunini nuburemere buremereye bwa batiri ya aside-aside nayo yagize uruhare mukugabanuka kwabo kwamamara. Nyamara, ibihe byo kwishyuza no gusohora ibihe ni bike, kimwe nubunini bunini nuburemere buremereye, ari nayo mpamvu ituma isimburwa buhoro buhoro nizindi bateri.
Graphene Batteri
Mu myaka yashize, bateri yubashywe cyane n’ibirango bikomeye, kandi ibirango byo mu rwego rwa mbere nka Yadea, AIMA, na TAILG byashyizeho bateri ya graphene. Graphene ifite bateri ifite ibiziga bibiri byamashanyarazi, kumenyekanisha ko bifite igihe kirekire, birebire, bikundwa cyane nabaguzi. Irazwi cyane mubaguzi.
Nyamara, ubusobanuro bwa siyansi ya batiri ya graphene mubyukuri bivuga gukoresha ioni ya lithium hejuru ya graphene na electrode ya batiri yatunganijwe nibiranga umuvuduko wihuta kandi munini hagati ya batiri ya Graphene, nyamara, mubisobanuro bya siyansi, mubyukuri yerekeza kuri gukoresha ioni ya lithium hejuru ya graphene na electrode yumuvuduko wihuta wihuta hagati yibiranga iterambere rya bateri, na batiri ya graphene iriho ubu mumashanyarazi yimodoka, gusa muri bateri ya aside-acide hamwe na graphene nkeya, nuko yitwa graphene Bateri ya graphene iriho ubu mumashanyarazi yimodoka, gusa muri bateri ya aside-aside hamwe na graphene nkeya, nuko yitwa bateri ya graphene mubyukuri iri muri To objectif , izo bateri zigomba kwitwa "bateri ya graphene lead-aside". Nubwo ari muri bateri ya aside-aside, itandukanye na bateri ya aside-aside, kandi igiciro kizaba gihenze, ariko ntabwo gihenze nka bateri ya lithium. Bimwe, ariko ntabwo biri hejuru yikiguzi kinini cya bateri ya lithium, bateri ya lithium izaba ihendutse cyane ugereranije, kandi, hamwe na essence ya batiri ya aside-aside, umutekano nawo uruta bateri ya aside, umutekano nawo urenze cyane bateri ya lithium. , ni iya hagati-ya bateri. Kwishyuza no Gusohora Kwishyuza no gusohora imikorere n'umubare w'inzinguzingo byongerewe ugereranije na bateri ya aside-aside, kandi intera yiyongereyeho hafi 10% ugereranije na bateri ya aside-aside.
Bateri Yumukara
Ugereranije n’ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bifite ibiziga bibiri biranga "fanfare" kugirango bamenyekanishe bateri ya graphene, nkabakora bateri babigize umwuga, ibyo bita batiri ya zahabu yumukara biba byiza cyane. Ibyo bita batiri ya zahabu yumukara bivuga gukoresha ibikoresho bya graphene alloy kubintu bya plaque nziza ya bateri. Ibyo bita batiri ya zahabu yumukara bivuga gukoresha ibikoresho bya graphene alloy kubintu byiza bya plaque ya bateri, kandi kuri ubu, Tianneng na Chaowei bita bateri hamwe na graphene yongeyeho nka batiri ya zahabu yumukara. Bitewe no kongeramo ibikoresho bya graphene, imikorere rusange ya bateri ya alloy iruta iyo muri bateri ya aside-aside, irwanya ubukonje nubushyuhe kuruta bateri-aside. Irwanya ubukonje nubushyuhe kuruta bateri ya aside-aside, kandi imbaraga zizaba zikomeye, muri rusange zikomeye gato kuruta bateri ya aside-aside, ariko irusha imbaraga bateri ya lithium-ion, kandi hariho icyuho runaka mubiciro.
Batteri kandi hari icyuho runaka mubiciro, igiciro cya bateri ya zahabu yumukara kuruta bateri ya aside-aside izaba myinshi, muri rusange 30 kugeza kuri 50 yuhenze kuri buri bateri. Ukurikije igiciro, igiciro cya bateri ya zahabu yumukara irenze bateri ya aside-aside, muri rusange amafaranga 30 kugeza kuri 50 ahenze kuri bateri. Intangiriro ya bateri yumukara wa zahabu na batiri ya graphene nimwe, kubwibyo rero biramba kandi birasa. Kuramba hamwe nurwego rwa bateri birasa.
Batiri ya Litiyumu
Batiri ya Litiyumu ni bateri ifite ibintu byinshi bikoreshwa muri iki gihe, bitewe nubunini bwayo nuburemere bworoheje, ahanini ibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki byingenzi biri mubikorwa bya batiri ya lithium.
Bateri ya Litiyumu ikozwe mu cyuma cya lithium cyangwa lithium alloy nkibikoresho byiza kandi bibi, ukoresheje igisubizo cya electrolyte idafite amazi. Kugeza ubu, bateri ya lithium ni bateri ya lithium ya ternary, bateri ya lithium fer fosifate, bateri ya lithium manganate, muri zo batteri ya lithium ya ternary ifite ibyiza byubushobozi buhanitse, kuramba, ariko bihenze, gukoresha ibinyabiziga bifite amashanyarazi abiri. Batiri ya Litiyumu ifite ibyiza byubushobozi buke nubuzima burebure, ariko igiciro gihenze, kandi gukoresha ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bifite ibiziga bibiri ni bike, mugihe igiciro cya batiri acide ya lithium manganese kiri hejuru. Litiyumu ya litiro ya manganese ihendutse, ariko ubuzima ni bugufi, porogaramu nayo ni nto, batiri ya lisiyumu ya fosifate, igiciro ni gito, ubushobozi buringaniye, burambye. Batteri ya Litiyumu ya fosifate ifite igiciro giciriritse, ubushobozi buciriritse, kuramba neza n'umutekano mwinshi, kandi bikoreshwa cyane.
Kuramba hamwe nintera ninyungu yibanze ya bateri ya lithium, bateri isanzwe ya aside-acide yumuriro inshuro 300, graphene na batiri ya zahabu yumukara inshuro 500 kugeza 600, mugihe bateri ya lithium ishobora kugera inshuro 1500. inshuro, graphene na batiri ya zahabu yumukara inshuro 500 kugeza 600, na bateri ya lithium irashobora kugera inshuro zigera ku 1500, iyo ugereranije, rwose ni bateri ya lithium kandi iramba cyane. Niba tugereranije, bateri ya lithium ifite uburebure burebure, kandi kubera ubunini bwayo, uburemere bworoshye nubushobozi buhanitse, intera nayo ni ndende. Kubera ubunini bwayo, uburemere bworoshye nubushobozi buhanitse, ubuzima bwa bateri nabwo bugaragara cyane muri izi bateri.
Mu rwego rwo kunoza uburebure bwa batiri ya lithium, ibyuma bya Amass bikozwe muri PA66 nylon hamwe na flame-retardant, ibyo bikaba biteza imbere imashini n’amashanyarazi yibicuruzwa, naho ibice byo guhuza bikozwe mu muringa utukura usize ifeza hamwe n’umuringa muke. hamwe no kurwanya ruswa ikomeye, ituma kuramba kurenza kure ibyo gucomeka inganda zimwe.
Uhereye kubyavuzwe haruguru, urashobora gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati yimodoka nyamukuru yimodoka ebyiri zamashanyarazi Bateri 4 zingenzi, ba nyirubwite muguhitamo amashanyarazi Iyo bateri, cyane cyane iramba kandi irambuye, guhitamo bigomba kuba bikurikiranye na bateri ya lithium> graphene batteri> bateri ya graphene = Nyamara, niba ukunda cyane kubiciro n'umutekano, birasabwa ko uhitamo Li-ion bateri> bateri ya graphene> bateri ya zahabu yumukara> bateri ya aside-aside ikurikirana. Ariko, niba ukunda igiciro numutekano, birasabwa guhitamo bateri ya aside-aside> bateri yumukara wa zahabu> bateri ya graphene> bateri ya lithium, kandi mumyaka yashize, bateri ya lithium yaturitse ifata umuriro. Mu myaka yashize, iturika ryumuriro wa batiri ya lithium, kugirango bateri ya lithium itekane nibindi bibazo bisunikwa mubushyuhe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-20-2024