Mu gihe cy’ubwiyongere bw’inganda nshya z’ingufu, moto zikoresha amashanyarazi zabaye amahitamo y’ingenzi mu ngendo ngufi mu mijyi no mu ngendo zo mu cyaro mu mijyi bitewe n’inyungu zazo zo kuba nta byuka bihumanya ikirere bihumanya, urusaku ruto, no kugabanya ikiguzi. Kubera ko ibicuruzwa bya buri mwaka by’inganda birenga miliyoni 10, isoko ryashyizeho ibisabwa byinshi ku mutekano, kwihangana, no kugira ubwenge ku rwego rw’ubwenge bwa moto zikoresha amashanyarazi. Nk’"ihuriro ry’imitsi" y’urusobe rw’amashanyarazi, uru ruziga ruriho rurimo gushyira imbaraga mu iterambere ry’inganda zikoresha amashanyarazi binyuze mu iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga.
Kumenyera imiterere y'akazi igoye: ibyuma bihuza ibyuma byubaka umurongo ukomeye w'umutekano wa moto zikoresha amashanyarazi
Imikorere ya buri munsi ya moto zikoresha amashanyarazi ikubiyemo imihanda y’umujyi yuzuyemo imihanda, imihanda y’imisozi miremire, n’ikirere kibi nk’imvura n’urubura, ibi bikaba ikizamini gikomeye ku bijyanye no kwihuza n’ibidukikije no kudahindagurika kw’imiterere y’imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi. Ku murongo uhuza bateri n’icyuma gipima moteri, umuyoboro ugomba guhangana icyarimwe n’imitingito ikabije, ihindagurika ry’ubushyuhe, n’ivumbi n’umwuka w’amazi. Dufashe urugero rw’imiyoboro isanzwe ya AMASS LF mu nganda, ikoresha imiterere ihuriweho yo gufunga ifite urwego rwo kurinda rwa IP67. Ishobora kwinjizwa mu kirere cya metero 1 y’ubujyakuzimu bw’amazi mu gihe cy’iminota 30 kugira ngo imiyoboro ikomeze kugenda neza, ikemure neza ingaruka z’imiyoboro migufi mu gihe cy’imvura. Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’imiyoboro igoye mu turere tw’imisozi miremire, uru rukurikirane rw’imiyoboro rushushanya mu buryo bushya imiterere y’imiyoboro y’umuringa ya beryllium, ifite ingingo 12 zo guhuza zikora inzira y’imiyoboro myinshi. Ndetse no mu bidukikije bikomeza guhindagurika, imiyoboro iracyagenzurwa neza muri milimetero 5, birinda guhagarika ingufu bitewe no kudakorana neza.
Mu rwego rwo kurinda umutekano wo gushyushya, imikorere yo kurwanya gukoresha nabi no kurinda umuvuduko mwinshi w'ibikoresho byo gushyushya ni ingenzi cyane. Ibikoresho byo gushyushya byo mu bwoko bwa SC byatangijwe na Haigu Technology bihuza chip y'ubwenge yo kumenya, ishobora gusa gushyiraho isano n'ibikoresho byo gushyushya bihuye, bikuraho ibyago byo gushyushya birenze urugero biterwa na chargers zisanzwe; Muri icyo gihe, bifite sensor y'ubushyuhe ituma ubushyuhe buhita butangira gukingirwa igihe ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho byo gushyushya burenze dogere 60, bikarinda impanuka z'inkongi z'umuriro zituruka aho byaturutse. Dukurikije amakuru y'ibizamini by'abandi, igipimo cyo gushyushya moto z'amashanyarazi zifite ubwo bwoko bw'ibikoresho byo gushyushya cyagabanutseho 72% ugereranije n'ibicuruzwa bisanzwe.
Guca mu bibazo by'imikorere: Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rifasha kunoza ubuzima bwa bateri
Guhangayika mu gihe cy'urugendo rw'imodoka byagiye biba ikibazo gikomeye kibangamira kwaguka kw'isoko rya moto zikoresha amashanyarazi, kandi ubushobozi bwo kohereza ingufu mu miyoboro y'amashanyarazi bugira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku rugendo rw'imodoka. Mu gihe cy'akazi gakomeye nko kwihuta no kuzamuka kwa moto zikoresha amashanyarazi, imbaraga za moteri zishobora kugera kuri 2000W. Muri iki gihe, umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi ugomba gutwara umuyoboro munini urenga 80A. Iyo umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi utari mwiza, ntabwo uzatanga ingufu nyinshi gusa, ahubwo uzangiza n'ibice byawo bitewe no gushyuha cyane.
Kugira ngo batsinde iyi mbogamizi y'ikoranabuhanga, amasosiyete arimo kunoza imiterere y'ibikoresho n'imiterere y'ibihuza. Ibihuza biheruka bya LC Pro byatangijwe na AMASS bikoresha ibyuma bya T2 by'umuringa bifite silver plated conductors, bifite conductivity iri hejuru ya 40% kurusha umuringa usanzwe. Mu gihe cy'amashanyarazi ahoraho ya 60A, igihombo cy'ingufu kuri kilometero kigabanukaho 0.8Wh. Dufashe urugero rwa bateri ya 48V/20Ah, ishobora kongera uburebure bwa kilometero zigera kuri 12. Muri icyo gihe, uru ruhererekane rw'ibihuza rwakozwe rufite imiterere igabanya ubushyuhe mu buryo butatu, yagura agace gakwirakwiza ubushyuhe ku nshuro 2.3 z'ibicuruzwa bisanzwe. Iyo moteri ya 1500W ikora neza, izamuka ry'ubushyuhe hejuru rigenzurwa muri 35K, munsi cyane y'urwego rw'umutekano rw'inganda rwa 50K.
Mu rwego rwo guteza imbere byihuse uburyo bwo guhinduranya bateri, ubuzima bwo gushyiramo no gukuramo bateri hamwe n'uburyo bwo guhuza bateri byabaye ikintu gishya mu ikoranabuhanga. Umuhuza wa MX150 series wo guhinduranya bateri wakozwe na TE ukoresha contacts zirinda kwangirika. Nyuma yo gushyiramo no gukuramo inshuro 1000, ubushobozi bwo guhuza bateri buguma buhamye, buhaza ibyifuzo bya buri munsi byo guhinduranya ingufu; Imiterere yayo yahinduwe ku kigero kirenga 80% by'uburyo busanzwe bwo guhinduranya bateri mu Bushinwa, bigeraho uburyo bwiza bwo guhinduranya bateri "imodoka imwe ifite amasoko menshi y'amashanyarazi n'imodoka nyinshi zisangira", kandi bitera imbaraga zo kongera ingufu zitangwa na moto zikoresha amashanyarazi inshuro eshatu.
Guteza imbere inganda: udushya mu ikoranabuhanga twateje imbere impinduka mu nganda
Muri iki gihe, inganda z'amapikipiki zikoresha amashanyarazi zirimo kwihutisha impinduka zazo zigana ku buhanga n'imikoranire, kandi ibyuma bihuza ibinyabiziga, nk'igikoresho cy'ingenzi cyo kohereza amakuru, birimo gutangira gukora imirimo myinshi. Mu imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga rya moto mu Bushinwa ryo mu 2024, Huawei Digital Energy yafatanyije n'inganda zikora ibinyabiziga gutangiza igisubizo cy'amapikipiki akoresha amashanyarazi. Iki gikoresho ntigitanga gusa kohereza ingufu, ahubwo kinatanga amakuru 12 mu buryo bwihuse nka voltage, amashanyarazi, ubushyuhe, n'ibindi, bisubizwa kuri porogaramu y'umukoresha binyuze kuri platform y'itumanaho ry'ibinyabiziga, bigatuma ba nyir'imodoka bakurikirana uko ubuzima bw'ikinyabiziga buhagaze igihe icyo ari cyo cyose. Igikoresho gihuza HC-100 kiri muri iki gikoresho gifite igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru cya 1Mbps, gishobora kuzuza ibisabwa n'imikorere y'ubwenge nko kuburira amakosa no gusuzuma kure.
Ukurikije imikorere y’inganda, ibyuma bihuza amashanyarazi n’amapikipiki byiza byabaye inkunga y’ingenzi ku bigo bitanga amashanyarazi na moto kugira ngo byubake ubushobozi bwabyo bwo guhangana. Ibigo bikomeye nka Yadea na Aima byakoresheje byuzuye ibyuma bihuza imodoka mu modoka zabo zo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Ibikoresho byabo bifite ibyuma bihuza AMS LC byagaragaje ko byiyongeraho 28% mu kudahungabana kw’imodoka ndetse n’ubwiyongere bwa 35% mu mutekano ugereranije n’ibikoresho bisanzwe mu bushakashatsi ku kunyurwa kw’abakoresha. Mu masoko yo mu mahanga, ibyuma bihuza amashanyarazi bishobora guhuza n’ibipimo bitandukanye by’amashanyarazi byabaye ibikoresho byo kohereza mu mahanga. Haigu Technology yateguye ibyuma bihuza amashanyarazi byihariye bya 110V ku isoko ryo muri Aziya y’Amajyepfo y’uburasirazuba, byatsinze icyemezo cya SNI cya Indoneziya n’icyemezo cya QCVN cya Vietnam, bifasha moto zikoresha amashanyarazi zo mu gihugu kurenga 30% by’isoko ry’amazi muri Aziya y’Amajyepfo y’uburasirazuba.
Icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza: Ivugurura ry'ikoranabuhanga rikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho kandi ry'ubwenge mu gutwara ibinyabiziga
Impuguke mu nganda zigaragaza ko hamwe no guteza imbere intego ya "karubone ebyiri" no kunoza ibipimo by'urwego rw'ibinyabiziga, imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi izatera imbere ikagera ku cyerekezo cyiza kandi cy'ubwenge. Mu rwego rw'ibikoresho, ibikonoshwa bya pulasitiki bishobora kwangirika n'ikoranabuhanga ridafite icyuma gikingira ibyuma bizasimbura buhoro buhoro ibikoresho bisanzwe, bigabanye ingaruka z'imikorere n'imikorere yo kongera gukoresha amashanyarazi ku bidukikije; Mu bijyanye no guhuza imikorere, imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi izahuza imirimo myinshi nko gusharija nta mugozi no kumenya umwirondoro, birusheho koroshya sisitemu y'amashanyarazi ya moto.
Nubwo umuhuza w’amashanyarazi uriho ubu ari muto, ni ingenzi mu kubungabunga umutekano n’imikorere myiza ya moto zikoresha amashanyarazi, nk’uko byatangajwe n’umuyobozi w’ishyirahamwe ry’abaturage ba moto zikoresha amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa. Mu gihe kizaza, hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya modular hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga rya digitale, imihuza izagenzura imikorere no kubungabunga ubuzima bwayo bwose, ikubaka urwego rw’ingendo rutekanye kandi runoze ku nganda zikoresha amashanyarazi. Muri iki gikorwa cyo kuvugurura inganda, imihuza mito irimo kuba imbaraga zikomeye zitwara moto zikoresha amashanyarazi kuva ku "buryo bwo gutwara abantu" kugera ku "buryo bw’ingendo bugezweho".
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 25 Nzeri 2025